docker-postgis/main.go

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"context"
	"encoding/json"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"os/exec"
	"path/filepath"
	"slices"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
)

const version = "1.0"
const GroupStatePrimary = "primary"
const GroupStatePrimaryDegraded = "wait_primary"
const GroupStatePrimaryAlone = "single"
const GroupStateStandby = "secondary"
const DefaultFormation = "default"
const DefaultSocketPath = "/var/run/pg_autoconfig.sock"
const ExecutionCycleSleep = 1000 * time.Millisecond
const ExecutionCyclesPerPing = 10
const DefaultRemotePort = 5420
const MonitorUpCheckDelay = 15 * time.Second
const PostgresOriginalEntrypoint = "/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh"
const PostgresOriginalCmd = "postgres"
const AutoFailoverExecutable = "pg_autoctl"
const AutoFailoverPidPath = "/tmp/pg_autoctl/data/data/pg_autoctl.pid"
const AutoFailoverPidPath2 = "/tmp/pg_autoctl/db/data/pg_autoctl_postgres.pid"
const AutoFailoverPidPath3 = "/tmp/pg_autoctl/db/data/pg_autoctl_listener.pid"
const PgHbaConfFileName = "pg_hba.conf"
const PostgresInitDoneFileName = "PG_VERSION"
const PostgresDataDefaultPath = "/var/lib/postgresql/data"

type postgresInstance struct {
	// Locally available info
	NodeId        int    `json:"node_id"`
	GroupId       int    `json:"group_id"`
	NodeHost      string `json:"nodehost"`
	NodeName      string `json:"nodename"`
	NodePort      int    `json:"nodeport"`
	CurrentState  string `json:"current_group_state"`
	AssignedState string `json:"assigned_group_state"`

	// Monitor provided extended info
	Health            int    `json:"health"`
	NodeCluster       string `json:"nodecluster"`
	ReportedLsn       string `json:"reported_lsn"`
	ReportedTli       int    `json:"reported_tli"`
	FormationKind     string `json:"formation_kind"`
	CandidatePriority int    `json:"candidate_priority"`
	ReplicationQuorum bool   `json:"replication_quorum"`
}

type configFiles struct {
	Config string `json:"config"`
	State  string `json:"state"`
	Init   string `json:"init"`
	Pid    string `json:"pid"`
}

type configMessage struct {
	Instances []configInstance
}

type configInstance struct {
	IpAddress  net.IP
	Port       int
	HostName   string
	Weight     float32
	IsReadOnly bool
}

type pingMessage struct {
	NeedsConfig bool
}

type global struct {
	formation           string
	useLocal            bool
	socketPath          string
	remotes             []string
	isMonitor           bool
	monitorHost         string
	monitorPort         int
	monitorPassword     string
	replicationPassword string
	hbaConfPath         string
	env                 []string
}

func main() {
	// Logging
	var logLevelS string
	if logLevelS = os.Getenv("AUTOCONFIG_LOG_LEVEL"); logLevelS == "" {
		logLevelS = "info"
	}

	logLevel, err := log.ParseLevel(logLevelS)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithError(err).Fatal("Failed to parse log level")
	}
	log.SetLevel(logLevel)

	log.Info("Starting pg_auto_failover load balancer configurator, version " + version)

	// Mode of operation
	var innerExec string
	var innerArgs []string
	innerEnv := os.Environ()
	doComplete := false
	if mode := os.Getenv("AUTOCONFIG_MODE"); mode == "monitor" || mode == "postgres" {
		innerExec = AutoFailoverExecutable
		innerArgs = append(innerArgs, []string{"create", mode, "--no-ssl"}...)

		var state global
		state.formation = getEnvOrDefault("AUTOCONFIG_FORMATION", DefaultFormation)
		state.useLocal = getEnvOrDefaultBool("AUTOCONFIG_LOCAL_PEER", false)
		state.socketPath = getEnvOrDefault("AUTOCONFIG_SOCKET", DefaultSocketPath)
		state.remotes = slices.DeleteFunc(strings.Split(getEnvOrDefault("AUTOCONFIG_REMOTE_PEERS", ""), ","), func(x string) bool {
			return x == ""
		})
		if !state.useLocal && len(state.remotes) == 0 {
			log.Warning("No configuration peers configured using AUTOCONFIG_LOCAL_PEER or AUTOCONFIG_REMOTE_PEERS. Load balancing to the Postgres primary will only work if supported on the application level. Load balancing of the readonly queries may be suboptimal.")
		}

		// Use custom or automatic pg_hba.conf (critical during secondary initialization)
		state.hbaConfPath = getEnvOrDefault("AUTOCONFIG_LINK_HBA_CONF", "")
		if state.hbaConfPath == "" {
			innerArgs = append(innerArgs, []string{"--auth", "scram-sha-256", "--pg-hba-lan"}...)
		} else {
			innerArgs = append(innerArgs, "--skip-pg-hba")
		}

		state.monitorPassword = getEnvOrDefault("AUTOCONFIG_MONITOR_PASSWORD", "")
		monitorPasswordPath := getEnvOrDefault("AUTOCONFIG_MONITOR_PASSWORD_FILE", "")
		if monitorPasswordFile, err := os.Stat(monitorPasswordPath); err == nil && !monitorPasswordFile.IsDir() {
			if v, err := os.ReadFile(monitorPasswordPath); err == nil {
				state.monitorPassword = string(v)
			}
		}
		if state.monitorPassword == "" {
			log.Fatal("AUTOCONFIG_MONITOR_PASSWORD or AUTOCONFIG_MONITOR_PASSWORD_FILE must be set")
		}

		if mode == "monitor" {
			state.isMonitor = true
			innerArgs = append(innerArgs, "--run")
			log.Info("Starting a monitor node.")

		} else {
			state.isMonitor = false
			state.monitorHost = getEnvOrDefault("AUTOCONFIG_MONITOR_HOST", "")
			if state.monitorHost == "" {
				log.Fatal("AUTOCONFIG_MONITOR_HOST must be set")
			}
			state.monitorPort = getEnvOrDefaultInt("AUTOCONFIG_MONITOR_PORT", getEnvOrDefaultInt("PGPORT", 5432))

			state.replicationPassword = getEnvOrDefault("AUTOCONFIG_REPLICATION_PASSWORD", "")
			replicationPasswordPath := getEnvOrDefault("AUTOCONFIG_REPLICATION_PASSWORD_FILE", "")
			if replicationPasswordFile, err := os.Stat(replicationPasswordPath); err == nil && !replicationPasswordFile.IsDir() {
				if v, err := os.ReadFile(replicationPasswordPath); err == nil {
					state.monitorPassword = string(v)
				}
			}
			if state.replicationPassword == "" {
				log.Fatal("AUTOCONFIG_REPLICATION_PASSWORD or AUTOCONFIG_REPLICATION_PASSWORD_FILE must be set")
			}

			// Pass the monitor through an env var which is a little bit better than an argument
			// Note: For security reasons we do not want to pass the monitor URI as an argument as it contains a password
			monitorEnvUri := "PG_AUTOCTL_MONITOR=postgresql://autoctl_node:" + state.monitorPassword + "@" + state.monitorHost + ":" + strconv.Itoa(state.monitorPort) + "/pg_auto_failover?sslmode=prefer"
			monitorSet := false
			for i, j := range innerEnv {
				if strings.HasPrefix(j, "PG_AUTOCTL_MONITOR=") {
					innerEnv[i] = monitorEnvUri
					monitorSet = true
					break
				}
			}
			if !monitorSet {
				innerEnv = append(innerEnv, monitorEnvUri)
			}

			state.env = innerEnv

			// The first secondary initialization is tricky as we must inject pg_hba.conf
			// and soon after set the replication password for the second time
			targetDir := getEnvPgData()
			initDonePath := filepath.Join(targetDir, PostgresInitDoneFileName)
			if _, err := os.Stat(initDonePath); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
				log.Fatal("Failed to access Postgres data directory")
			} else if err != nil {
				log.WithFields(log.Fields{"path": targetDir}).Info("Postgres data dir is not initialized")
				if state.hbaConfPath != "" {
					go func() {
						for {
							if _, err := os.Stat(initDonePath); err == nil {
								break
							} else if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
								log.Fatal("Failed to access Postgres data directory")
							}
							time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
						}
						ensurePgHbaConfReplaced(state.hbaConfPath)
					}()
				}

				// Propagate the replication password
				// Note: There is no option to pass the replication password and even pg_autoctl create without --run already
				//	assumes it is present. Neither pg_autoctl config set works at this stage
				replEnvPassword := "PGPASSWORD=" + state.replicationPassword
				replSet := false
				initEnv := innerEnv
				for i, j := range initEnv {
					if strings.HasPrefix(j, "PGPASSWORD=") {
						initEnv[i] = replEnvPassword
						replSet = true
						break
					}
				}
				if !replSet {
					initEnv = append(initEnv, replEnvPassword)
				}

				log.WithFields(log.Fields{"name": innerExec, "args": innerArgs}).Info("Initializing pg_auto_failure on disk")
				cmdInit := exec.Command(innerExec, innerArgs...)
				cmdInit.Env = initEnv
				cmdInit.Stdout = os.Stdout
				cmdInit.Stderr = os.Stderr
				if err := cmdInit.Run(); err != nil {
					log.WithError(err).Warn("Initialization of pg_auto_failure encountered problems")
				}

				log.Info("Setting replication password in the configuration")
				setPassCmd := exec.Command(AutoFailoverExecutable, "config", "set", "replication.password", state.replicationPassword)
				setPassCmd.Env = state.env
				if err := setPassCmd.Run(); err != nil {
					log.WithError(err).Fatal("Failed to set password of user pgautofailover_replicator in the configuration")
				}
			}

			innerArgs = append(innerArgs, "--run")
			log.Info("Starting a worker node.")
		}

		// Run the auto configuration
		go executionLoop(state, &doComplete)

	} else if mode != "" {
		log.Fatal("AUTOCONFIG_MODE must be either 'monitor' or 'node' to activate pg_auto_failover. Leave it empty for plain Postgres operation.")
	} else {
		// Execute the original entrypoint as if we never existed
		log.Info("No pg_auto_failover mode specified. Will execute plain Postgres.")
		innerExec = PostgresOriginalEntrypoint
		innerArgs = []string{PostgresOriginalCmd}
	}

	// Clean-up any PIDs left from previous run
	os.Remove(AutoFailoverPidPath)
	os.Remove(AutoFailoverPidPath2)
	os.Remove(AutoFailoverPidPath3)

	// Start the inner executable (usually starting with "pg_autoctl create postgres" or "pg_autoctl create monitor")
	log.WithFields(log.Fields{"name": innerExec, "args": innerArgs}).Info("Handling over to the inner process.")
	cmd := exec.Command(innerExec, innerArgs...)
	cmd.Env = innerEnv
	cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
	cmd.Run()

	log.Info("pg_auto_failover load balancer configurator has completed.")
	doComplete = true
}

func executionLoop(state global, doComplete *bool) {
	// Link pg_hba.conf if asked to do so
	ensurePostgresReadyForQueries()
	ensurePgHbaConfReplaced(state.hbaConfPath)

	ensurePostgresReadyForQueries()

	// State
	var instances []postgresInstance
	monitorIsDown := false
	var lastSentStateJson []byte

	// Monitor automatically creates user autoctl_node but we must set/propagate its password
	if state.isMonitor {
		log.Info("This is a monitor node, setting password for autoctl_node user")
		setPassCmd := exec.Command("psql", "-d", "pg_auto_failover", "-c", "alter user autoctl_node password '"+state.monitorPassword+"';")
		if err := setPassCmd.Run(); err != nil {
			log.WithError(err).Fatal("Failed to set password of user autoctl_node on the monitor node")
		}

		log.WithFields(log.Fields{"rule": "host pg_auto_failover autoctl_node <node ip>/32 <auth-type>"}).Info(
			"Check rules exist in pg_hba.conf for each other node")

	} else {
		log.Info("Setting replication password in the database (will succeed on primary only)")
		setPassCmd2 := exec.Command("psql", "-c", "alter user pgautofailover_replicator password '"+state.replicationPassword+"';")
		if err := setPassCmd2.Run(); err != nil {
			log.WithError(err).Info("Failed to set password of user pgautofailover_replicator in the database (probably a stand-by read-only node)")
		}

		// TODO How to set password of pgautofailover_monitor?

		log.WithFields(log.Fields{
			"ruleMonitor":  "host all pgautofailover_monitor <monitor ip>/32 <auth-type>",
			"ruleRegular1": "host postgres pgautofailover_replicator <node ip>/32 <auth-type>",
			"ruleRegular2": "host replication pgautofailover_replicator <node ip>/32 <auth-type>",
		}).Info("Check rules exist in pg_hba.conf for each other node and type")
	}

	peers := []http.Client{}
	if state.useLocal {
		peers = append(peers, http.Client{
			Transport: &http.Transport{
				DialContext: func(_ context.Context, _, _ string) (net.Conn, error) {
					return net.Dial("unix", state.socketPath)
				},
			},
		})
	}
	for _, i := range state.remotes {
		if iParts := strings.Split(i, ":"); len(iParts) == 1 {
			i = i + ":" + strconv.Itoa(DefaultRemotePort)
		}
		peers = append(peers, http.Client{
			Transport: &http.Transport{
				DialContext: func(_ context.Context, _, _ string) (net.Conn, error) {
					return net.Dial("tcp", i)
				},
			},
		})
	}

	pingWaitCounter := 0
	for !*doComplete {
		if !monitorIsDown {
			cmdFormationState := exec.Command("/usr/bin/pg_autoctl", "show", "state", "--formation", state.formation, "--json")
			cmdFormationState.Env = state.env
			if localStateB, err := cmdFormationState.Output(); err != nil {
				log.WithError(err).Warn("Failed to obtain the formation state from pg_autoctl. Monitor is probably down.")
				monitorIsDown = true
				// Delegate the monitor up-checking to a separate go routine so we do not block our main task of
				// sending pings to the configuration peer
				go func() {
					for !*doComplete {
						cmdMonitorUp := exec.Command("/usr/bin/pg_autoctl", "show", "state", "--formation", state.formation, "--json")
						cmdMonitorUp.Env = state.env
						if _, err := cmdMonitorUp.Output(); err == nil {
							log.Warn("Monitor node is no longer down.")
							monitorIsDown = false
							return
						}
						time.Sleep(MonitorUpCheckDelay)
					}
				}()
			} else {
				var formationState []postgresInstance
				if err := json.Unmarshal(localStateB, &formationState); err != nil {
					log.WithError(err).Warn("Failed to parse the local state from pg_autoctl")
				} else {
					instances = formationState
				}
			}
		}

		if monitorIsDown && !state.isMonitor && len(instances) == 0 {
			// Try to obtain info about the current node. That way we may still be able to operate
			// in a read-only mode or with luck even in read-write mode. If the configuration peer
			// is connected to all the nodes then it can reconstruct the full picture.
			cmdLocalState := exec.Command("/usr/bin/pg_autoctl", "show", "state", "--local", "--json")
			cmdLocalState.Env = state.env
			if localStateB, err := cmdLocalState.Output(); err != nil {
				log.WithError(err).Warn("Failed to obtain the local state from pg_autoctl")
			} else {
				var localState postgresInstance
				if err := json.Unmarshal(localStateB, &localState); err != nil {
					log.WithError(err).Warn("Failed to parse the local state from pg_autoctl")
				} else {
					instances = []postgresInstance{localState}
				}
			}
		}

		// Keep maintaining the last known primary/standby configuration if monitor is down
		// Note: We do keep producing configuration files as some volatile values (like
		//	IP addresses) still may change
		if !monitorIsDown || len(instances) != 0 {
			if newState, err := configure(instances); err != nil {
				log.WithFields(log.Fields{"instances": instances}).Warn("Failed to produce configuration from instances.")
			} else if !bytes.Equal(newState, lastSentStateJson) {
				// Send the new state
				lastSentStateJson = newState
				log.WithFields(log.Fields{"state": string(newState)}).Info("Sending configuration to the peer processes (if any)")
				for _, i := range peers {
					if response, err := i.Post("http://unix/config", "application/octet-stream", bytes.NewReader(newState)); err != nil {
						log.WithError(err).WithFields(log.Fields{"peer": i, "response": response}).Warn("Failed to send configuration to a peer process.")
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// Send a periodic ping to the configuration worker
		if pingWaitCounter == ExecutionCyclesPerPing {
			pingWaitCounter = 0
			log.Trace("Pinging configuration peers (if any)")
			for _, i := range peers {
				if response, err := i.Get("http://unix/ping"); err != nil {
					log.WithError(err).WithFields(log.Fields{"peer": i, "response": response}).Trace("Failed to ping to a peer process.")
				} else {
					var msg pingMessage
					if err := json.NewDecoder(response.Body).Decode(&msg); err != nil {
						log.WithError(err).WithFields(log.Fields{"peer": i}).Warn("Failed to decode ping response.")
					} else {
						log.WithFields(log.Fields{"response": msg}).Trace("Ping response")
						if msg.NeedsConfig {
							log.WithFields(log.Fields{"peer": i, "state": string(lastSentStateJson)}).Info("Sending configuration to a peer process")
							if response, err := i.Post("http://unix/config", "application/octet-stream", bytes.NewReader(lastSentStateJson)); err != nil {
								log.WithError(err).WithFields(log.Fields{"response": response}).Warn("Failed to send configuration to the peer process.")
							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		} else {
			pingWaitCounter++
		}

		time.Sleep(ExecutionCycleSleep)
	}
}

func ensurePostgresReadyForQueries() {
	for {
		log.Trace("Testing if we can query the Postgres database")
		testCmd := exec.Command("psql", "-c", "SELECT 0;")
		if err := testCmd.Run(); err == nil {
			break
		}
		time.Sleep(1000 * time.Millisecond)
	}
	log.Trace("Postgres database accepts queries")
}

func ensurePgHbaConfReplaced(hbaConfPath string) {
	needsPgConfReload := false
	if hbaConfPath != "" {
		// Postgres refuses to initialize a data directory that is initially not empty
		targetDir := getEnvPgData()
		targetPath := filepath.Join(targetDir, PgHbaConfFileName)
		initDonePath := filepath.Join(targetDir, PostgresInitDoneFileName)
		log.WithFields(log.Fields{"path": targetDir}).Info("Ensuring Postgres data dir is initialized")
		for {
			if _, err := os.Stat(initDonePath); err == nil {
				break
			} else if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
				log.Fatal("Failed to access Postgres data directory")
			}
			time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
		}

		if info, err := os.Stat(hbaConfPath); err != nil || info.IsDir() {
			log.WithError(err).Fatal("Cannot find the pg_hba.conf to be linked as requested by AUTOCONFIG_LINK_HBA_CONF")
		}

		if info, err := os.Lstat(targetPath); (err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err)) || (err == nil && info.Mode().Type() != os.ModeSymlink) {
			// During secondary node initialization the pg_hba.conf is completely missing
			if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
				if err := os.Remove(targetPath); err != nil {
					log.Warn("Failed to remove the original pg_hba.conf")
				}
			}

			log.WithFields(log.Fields{"path": hbaConfPath}).Info("Applying the requested pg_hba.conf")
			if err := os.Symlink(hbaConfPath, targetPath); err != nil {
				log.WithError(err).Fatal("Failed to sym-link the pg_hb.conf requested by AUTOCONFIG_LINK_HBA_CONF")
			}

			needsPgConfReload = true
		}
	}

	if needsPgConfReload {
		ensurePostgresReadyForQueries()

		log.Info("Reloading Postgres pg_hba.conf")
		reloadCmd := exec.Command("psql", "-c", "SELECT 0 FROM pg_reload_conf();")
		if err := reloadCmd.Run(); err != nil {
			log.WithError(err).Fatal("Failed to reload Postgres configuration to apply new pg_hba.conf")
		}
	}
}

func configure(nodes []postgresInstance) ([]byte, error) {
	var msg configMessage
	for _, i := range nodes {
		var isPrimary bool
		switch i.AssignedState {
		case GroupStatePrimary, GroupStatePrimaryDegraded, GroupStatePrimaryAlone:
			isPrimary = true
		case GroupStateStandby:
			isPrimary = false
		default:
			// Skip the node as it is not ready to accept connections
			log.WithFields(log.Fields{"nodeId": i.NodeId, "nodeName": i.NodeName, "port": i.NodePort, "assignedState": i.AssignedState, "currentState": i.CurrentState}).Trace("Skipping node.")
			continue
		}

		// Pgpool does not re-resolve host names and assumes IP addresses are
		// fixed. Therefore we do it ourselves and our peer application will
		// mark any IP addresses no longer used for Postgres nodes as down so
		// Pgpool happily uses the ones that are up.
		var a configInstance
		if ips, err := net.LookupIP(i.NodeHost); err != nil || len(ips) == 0 {
			log.WithError(err).WithFields(log.Fields{"host": i.NodeHost}).Warn("Failed resolve node's host name, skipping.")
			continue
		} else {
			a.IpAddress = ips[0]
		}
		a.Port = i.NodePort
		a.HostName = i.NodeHost
		a.IsReadOnly = !isPrimary
		msg.Instances = append(msg.Instances, a)
	}

	// TODO add user=configurable weights
	for i := range msg.Instances {
		msg.Instances[i].Weight = 1.0 / float32(len(msg.Instances))
	}

	return json.Marshal(msg)
}

func getEnvOrDefault(name string, defaultValue string) string {
	if val := os.Getenv(name); val != "" {
		return val
	} else {
		return defaultValue
	}
}

func getEnvOrDefaultBool(name string, defaultValue bool) bool {
	if valS := os.Getenv(name); valS != "" {
		valS = strings.ToLower(valS)
		if valS == "1" || valS == "yes" || valS == "true" {
			return true
		} else {
			return false
		}
	} else {
		return defaultValue
	}
}

func getEnvOrDefaultInt(name string, defaultValue int) int {
	if val := os.Getenv(name); val != "" {
		if val2, err := strconv.Atoi(val); err == nil {
			return val2
		}
	}
	return defaultValue
}

func getEnvPgData() string {
	return getEnvOrDefault("PGDATA", PostgresDataDefaultPath)
}